Introduction to Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)?
A Cascading Style Sheet, commonly known as CSS, is the layer of styling over HTML elements, or in simpler terms, it lets you style the elements (font, size, color, and spacing) of your HTML pages and content by gently applying classes to it. CSS takes care of the presentation and helps you determine how the pages and content that you make with HTML are going to look and display. CSS will be a savior once you have learned to master the code. Here I am discussing the master CSS, you first need to understand the different types of CSS. Basically here three ways of writing CSS, which are mentioned below?
1. Internal Style Sheet
If you using an Internal style sheet that means whatever style you are going to create is going to be coded right into the HTML of that particular page just between them and tags. And Internal Style Sheet used if you want the style to be used in the complete HTML body.
For example: basic-html-code
<html>
<head>
<style>
body
{background-color: blue;}
h1 {color: white;}
p {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1> Internal Style Sheet</h1>
<p> Cascading Style Sheet.</p>
</body>
</html>
2. External Style Sheet
Using an external style sheet means you create a .css file and then use it in your HTML page as per your requirements. Generally, external CSS is used when you have many HTML attributes and you wish to use them as required; there is no need to write and rewrite the CSS style again and again in the HTML body. It is recommended to use an external style sheet majorly for two reasons.
It saves a lot of your page’s loading time.
It is convenient to have just about everything in one place.
For example: external-style sheet
html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="shivamrajput.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1> External Style Sheet </h1>
<p>HTML Paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
3. Inline CSS
Inline CSS means that is every style of content is going to be in HTML elements. Inline CSS is used for a limited section and in case your requirements are very small because it will affect only a single element. If you are an expert in the programming, it is not recommended to use inline CSS
For example: inline-css
<html>
<head>
<Title>Playing with Inline CSS </ Title >
</head>
<body>
<p style=" color: blue; font-size: 46px ;">
I'm a big, blue,
<strong>strong</strong> paragraph
</p>
</body>
</html>
An internal style sheet is generally used by bloggers, an external style sheet is used in WordPress, and inline CSS is useful in need of quick fixes.
CSS Features
1. Consistency
With CSS, it is easy to make changes to the pages of your website. By making one change to your CSS style sheet; you can consequently make it to each page of your website.
2. Browser Compatibility
Browser compatibility is something that is very important and with CSS, it is easy to withhold as it addresses this issue nicely.
3. Appearance
With CSS, it is easy to improve the look-and-feel of the website from one place as it allows you to use a wide array of extensive and expressive styles.
4. Maintainability
CSS offers you the ability to automatically correct and change every page throughout your website whenever a change is made to your website’s style sheet.
5. Saves Time
With CSS, you only need to specify details of the styling once for any element and it will automatically apply the specified styles whenever that particular element occurs. Hence, it saves a lot of time by not forcing you to rewrite everything again and again.
Major Differences between CSS, CSS2 & CSS3
CSS was originally launching time in 1996 and consists of some properties for adding like font properties such as typeface and emphasis color of text, backgrounds, and other elements.
CSS2 was originally launching time in 1998 with added styles for some other media types so that it can be used for page layout designing. CSS3 was the exact launching time 1999 and presentation-style properties were added in it that allows you to build a presentation from documents.
CSS3 came up with some key web design considerations like rounded borders that help in rounding up the borders without any hassle. This turned out to be a huge plus point for developers who were struggling with initial versions of CSS borders.
CSS3 has the capability to split text sections into multiple columns so that it can be read like a newspaper.
Where to we are learning in 2020?
CSS is a web development technology that stands behind the look-and-feel of every web page. It is proving to be capable to do so much more with its most recent evolution. The versions of CSS just keep getting better and better with time, which basically means an improved programming platform for developers, resulting in more efficient and faster web designs.
As we make our way through 2020, the most in-demand and important visual language of the web is CSS3. It helps you to engage your website users with fast loading web pages across all browsers.
CSS3 lets you gain control over the visual appearance of your website by means of layout, layering, typography, and special effects. You can easily customize any theme for WordPress or can create the visual for your app or site with CSS3.
You can find the programming community-recommended best CSS3 tutorials here.
Difference b/w CSS and SASS?
SASS is an extension of Cascading Style Sheet that is used to adding the super-power to it. This is also called as Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) pre-processor. An example of both-
CSS:
.box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
display: inline-block;
}
SASS:
.box
width: 100px
height: 100px
display: inline-block
Conclusion
CSS3 is the latest version of CSS. It is only compatible with IE9 and not with older versions of browsers. The more you code, the more you will learn about CSS3 but there is one thing to note — you cannot master CSS3 unless you know about CSS. CSS3 took the great properties of CSS and developed them to include new features to provide ease of use to the designers.
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